Manage branches

Data resides in a branch. Each Neon project is created with a root branch called main, which is also designated as your default branch. You can create child branches from main or from previously created branches. A branch can contain multiple databases and roles. Tier limits define the number of branches you can create in a project and the amount of data you can store in a branch.

A child branch is a copy-on-write clone of the parent branch. You can modify the data in a branch without affecting the data in the parent branch. For more information about branches and how you can use them in your development workflows, see Branching.

You can create and manage branches using the Neon Console, Neon CLI, or Neon API.

Default branch

Each Neon project has a default branch. In the Neon Console, your default branch is identified by a DEFAULT tag. You can designate any branch as the default branch for your project. The advantage of the default branch is that its compute remains accessible if you exceed your project's limits, ensuring uninterrupted access to data that resides on the default branch, which is typically the branch used in production.

• For Neon Free Tier users, the compute associated with the default branch is always available.
• For users on paid plans, the compute associated with the default branch is exempt from the limit on simultaneously active computes, ensuring that it is always available. Neon has a default limit of 20 concurrently active computes to protect your account from unintended usage.

Non-default branch

Any branch not designated as the default branch is considered a non-default branch. You can rename or delete non-default branches.

• For Neon Free Tier users, computes associated with non-default branches are suspended if you exceed the Neon Free Tier active hours limit of 20 hours per month.
• For users on paid plans, default limits prevent more than 20 concurrently active computes. Beyond that limit, a computes associated with a non-default branch remains suspended.

Protected branch

"Protected" is a status assigned to a branch that limits access based on IP addresses. Only IPs listed in the project’s IP allowlist can access this branch. The following retsrictions also apply to protected branches:

• Protected branches cannot be deleted.
• Protected branches cannot be reset.
• Projects with protected branches cannot be deleted.
• Computes associated with a protected branch cannot be deleted.

You have to remove branch protection before you can perfom these actions. See Remove branch protection.

Typically, a protected status is given to a branch or branches that hold production data or sensitive data. The protected branch feature is only supported on Neon's Scale plan, where you can designate up to 5 protected branches. For information about how to configure a protected branch, see Set a branch as protected.

Create a branch

To create a branch:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.

2. Select Branches.

3. Click Create branch to open the branch creation dialog.

4. Enter a name for the branch.

5. Select a parent branch. You can branch from your Neon project's default branch or a non-default branch.

6. Select an Include data up to option to specify the data to be included in your branch.

   note

   The Specific date and time and the Specific Log Sequence Number Data options do not include data changes that occurred after the specified date and time or LSN, which means the branch contains data as it existed previously, allowing for point-in-time restore. You can only specify a date and time or LSN value that falls within your history retention window. See Configure history retention.

   note

   The Specific date and time and the Specific Log Sequence Number Data options do not include data changes that occured after the specified date and time or LSN, which means the branch contains data as it existed previously, allowing for point-in-time restore. You can only specify a date and time or LSN value that falls within your history retention window. See Configure history retention.

7. Click Create new branch to create your branch.

You are directed to the Branch overview page where you are shown the details for your new branch.

View branches

To view the branches in a Neon project:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.

2. Select Branches to view all current branches in the project.

   

   Branch details in this table view include:

   • Branch: The branch name, which is a generated name if no name was specified when created.
   • Parent: Indicates the parent from which this branch was created, helping you track your branch hierarchy.
   • Compute hours: Number of hours the branch's compute was active so far in the current billing period.
   • Primary compute: Shows the current compute size and status for the branch's compute.
   • Data size: Indicates the logical data size of each branch, helping you monitor your plan's storage limit. Data size does not include history.
   • Last active: Shows when the branch's compute was last active.

3. Select a branch from the table to view details about the branch.

   

   Branch details shown on the branch page include:

   • ID: The branch ID. Branch IDs have a br- prefix.
   • Created: The date and time the branch was created.
   • Compute hours: The compute hours used by the branch in the current billing period.
   • Data size: The logical data size of the branch. Data size does not include history.
   • Parent branch: The branch from which this branch was created (only applicable to child branches).
   • Branching point: The point in time, in terms of data, from which the branch was created (only applicable to child branches).
   • Last data reset: The last time the branch was reset from the parent branch (only applicable to child branches). For information about the Reset from parent option, see Reset from parent.
   • Compare to parent: For information about the Open schema diff option, see Schema diff.

The branch details page also includes details about the Computes, Roles & Databases, and Child branches that belong to the branch. In Neon, all of these objects are associated with a particular branch. For information about these objects, see:

• Manage computes.
• Manage roles
• Manage databases
• View branches

Rename a branch

Neon permits renaming a branch, including your project's default branch. To rename a branch:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.
2. Select Branches to view the branches for the project.
3. Select a branch from the table.
4. On the branch overview page, click the Actions drop-down menu and select Rename.
5. Specify a new name for the branch and click Save.

Set a branch as default

Each Neon project is created with a default branch called main, but you can designate any branch as your project's default branch. The benefit of the default branch is that the compute associated with the default branch remains accessible if you exceed project limits, ensuring uninterrupted access to data on the default branch. For more information, see Default branch.

To set a branch as the default branch:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.
2. Select Branches to view the branches for the project.
3. Select a branch from the table.
4. On the branch overview page, click the Actions drop-down menu and select Set as default.
5. In the Set as default confirmation dialog, click Set as default to confirm your selection.

Set a branch as protected

"Protected" is a status assigned to a branch that limits access based on IP addresses. Only IPs listed in the project’s IP allowlist can access this branch. This feature is available on Neon's Scale plan, which supports up to five protected branches.

For the protected status to have any effect, you must:

1. Define an IP allowlist.
2. Select the Restrict IP access to protected branches only option.

For instructions, see Configure IP Allow.

To designate a branch as protected:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.
2. Select Branches to view the branches for the project.
3. Select a branch from the table.
4. On the branch overview page, click the Actions drop-down menu and select Set as protected.
5. In the Set as protected confirmation dialog, click Set as protected to confirm your selection.

For step-by-step instructions, refer to our Protected branches guide.

Connect to a branch

Connecting to a database in a branch requires connecting via a compute associated with the branch. The following steps describe how to connect using psql and a connection string obtained from the Neon Console.

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.
2. On the project Dashboard, under Connection Details, select the branch, the database, and the role you want to connect with.
3. Copy the connection string. A connection string includes your role name, the compute hostname, and database name.
4. Connect with psql as shown below.

psql postgres://[user]:[password]@[neon_hostname]/[dbname]

If you want to connect from an application, the Connection Details widget on the project Dashboard and the Frameworks and Languages sections in the documentation provide various connection examples.

Reset a branch from parent

Use Neon's Reset from parent feature to instantly update a branch with the latest schema and data from its parent. This feature can be an integral part of your CI/CD automation.

You can use the Neon Console, CLI, or API. For more details, see Reset from parent.

Restore a branch to its own or another branch's history

There are several restore operations available using Neon's Branch Restore feature:

• Restore a branch to its own history
• Restore a branch to the head of another branch
• Restore a branch to the history of another branch

You can use the Neon Console, CLI, or API. For more details, see Branch Restore.

Delete a branch

Deleting a branch is a permanent action. Deleting a branch also deletes the databases and roles that belong to the branch as well as the compute associated with the branch. You cannot delete a branch that has child branches. The child branches must be deleted first.

To delete a branch:

1. In the Neon Console, select a project.
2. Select Branches.
3. Select a branch from the table.
4. On the branch overview page, click the Actions drop-down menu and select Delete.
5. On the confirmation dialog, click Delete.

Check the data size

You can check the logical data size for the databases on a branch by viewing the Data size value on the Branches page or page in the Neon Console. Alternatively, you can run the following query on your branch from the Neon SQL Editor or any SQL client connected to your database:

SELECT pg_size_pretty(sum(pg_database_size(datname)))
FROM pg_database;

Data size does not include history.

Branching with the Neon CLI

The Neon CLI supports creating and managing branches. For instructions, see Neon CLI commands — branches. For a Neon CLI branching guide, see Branching with the Neon CLI.

Branching with the Neon API

Branch actions performed in the Neon Console can also be performed using the Neon API. The following examples demonstrate how to create, view, and delete branches using the Neon API. For other branch-related API methods, refer to the Neon API reference.

The jq option specified in each example is an optional third-party tool that formats the JSON response, making it easier to read. For information about this utility, see jq.

Prerequisites

A Neon API request requires an API key. For information about obtaining an API key, see Create an API key. In the examples shown below, $NEON_API_KEY is specified in place of an actual API key, which you must provide when making a Neon API request.

Create a branch with the API

The following Neon API method creates a branch. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

POST /projects/{project_id}/branches

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command. The endpoints attribute creates a compute, which is required to connect to the branch. A branch can be created with or without a compute. The branch attribute specifies the parent branch.

curl 'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/autumn-disk-484331/branches' \
  -H 'Accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
  "endpoints": [
    {
      "type": "read_write"
    }
  ],
  "branch": {
    "parent_id": "br-wispy-dew-591433"
  }
}' | jq

• The project_id for a Neon project is found on the Project settings page in the Neon Console, or you can find it by listing the projects for your Neon account using the Neon API.
• The parent_id can be obtained by listing the branches for your project. See List branches. The <parent_id> is the id of the branch you are branching from. A branch id has a br- prefix. You can branch from your Neon project's default branch or a previously created branch.

The response body includes information about the branch, the branch's compute, and the create_branch and start_compute operations that were initiated.

{
  "branch": {
    "id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
    "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
    "parent_id": "br-wispy-dew-591433",
    "parent_lsn": "0/1AA6408",
    "name": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
    "current_state": "init",
    "pending_state": "ready",
    "created_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
    "updated_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z"
  },

  "endpoints": [
    {
      "host": "ep-small-bush-675287.us-east-2.aws.neon.tech",
      "id": "ep-small-bush-675287",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "branch_id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "autoscaling_limit_min_cu": 1,
      "autoscaling_limit_max_cu": 1,
      "region_id": "aws-us-east-2",
      "type": "read_write",
      "current_state": "init",
      "pending_state": "active",
      "settings": {
        "pg_settings": {}
      },
      "pooler_enabled": false,
      "pooler_mode": "transaction",
      "disabled": false,
      "passwordless_access": true,
      "created_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
      "proxy_host": "us-east-2.aws.neon.tech"
    }
  ],
  "operations": [
    {
      "id": "22acbb37-209b-4b90-a39c-8460090e1329",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "branch_id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "action": "create_branch",
      "status": "running",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "055b17e6-ffe3-47ab-b545-cfd7db6fd8b8",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "branch_id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-small-bush-675287",
      "action": "start_compute",
      "status": "scheduling",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z"
    }
  ]
}

List branches with the API

The following Neon API method lists branches for the specified project. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

GET /projects/{project_id}/branches

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command:

curl 'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/autumn-disk-484331/branches' \
  -H 'accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" | jq

The project_id for a Neon project is found on the Project settings page in the Neon Console, or you can find it by listing the projects for your Neon account using the Neon API.

The response body lists the project's default branch and any child branches. The name of the default branch in this example is main.

{
  "branches": [
    {
      "id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "parent_id": "br-wispy-dew-591433",
      "parent_lsn": "0/1AA6408",
      "name": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "current_state": "ready",
      "logical_size": 28,
      "created_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-08T19:55:43Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "br-wispy-dew-591433",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "name": "main",
      "current_state": "ready",
      "logical_size": 28,
      "physical_size": 31,
      "created_at": "2022-12-07T00:45:05Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-07T00:45:05Z"
    }
  ]
}

Delete a branch with the API

The following Neon API method deletes the specified branch. To view the API documentation for this method, refer to the Neon API reference.

DELETE /projects/{project_id}/branches/{branch_id}

The API method appears as follows when specified in a cURL command:

curl -X 'DELETE' \
  'https://console.neon.tech/api/v2/projects/autumn-disk-484331/branches/br-dawn-scene-747675' \
  -H 'accept: application/json' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $NEON_API_KEY" | jq

• The project_id for a Neon project is found on the Project settings page in the Neon Console, or you can find it by listing the projects for your Neon account using the Neon API.
• The branch_id can be found by listing the branches for your project. The <branch_id> is the id of a branch. A branch id has a br- prefix. See List branches.

The response body shows information about the branch being deleted and the suspend_compute and delete_timeline operations that were initiated.

{
  "branch": {
    "id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
    "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
    "parent_id": "br-shy-meadow-151383",
    "parent_lsn": "0/1953508",
    "name": "br-flat-darkness-194551",
    "current_state": "ready",
    "created_at": "2022-12-08T20:01:31Z",
    "updated_at": "2022-12-08T20:01:31Z"
  },
  "operations": [
    {
      "id": "c7ee9bea-c984-41ac-8672-9848714104bc",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "branch_id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "endpoint_id": "ep-small-bush-675287",
      "action": "suspend_compute",
      "status": "running",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2022-12-08T20:01:31Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-08T20:01:31Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "41646f65-c692-4621-9538-32265f74ffe5",
      "project_id": "autumn-disk-484331",
      "branch_id": "br-dawn-scene-747675",
      "action": "delete_timeline",
      "status": "scheduling",
      "failures_count": 0,
      "created_at": "2022-12-06T01:12:10Z",
      "updated_at": "2022-12-06T01:12:10Z"
    }
  ]
}

You can verify that a branch is deleted by listing the branches for your project. See List branches. The deleted branch should no longer be listed.